Reasons and prevention methods for waste products generated by planer planing plane and orthogonal correlation plane:
1. The blank surface is not completely planed out
(1) Cause: the machining allowance of the blank is not enough or the shape of the blank is not correct, and the surface of the blank has defects such as dents, sand holes, sand inclusions, etc.
Prevention: before planing, check whether the blank has enough machining allowance and whether the blank shape is basically intact.
(2) Cause: when the workpiece is planing the first side, the clamping is unreasonable or not firm, and the workpiece "moves" during cutting, resulting in excessive planing and insufficient relative allowance.
Prevention: when the workpiece is clamped on the flat tongs to roughly plan the first side, make the rough datum of the blank close to the sizing block, and pay attention to the stability of the workpiece clamping.
(3) Reason: the machining allowance distribution on the opposite side of two phases is unreasonable, and the first side is planed too much.
Prevention: the machining allowance of the two opposite sides should be kept basically equal. In the absence of other dimensional restrictions, it is generally advisable to cut less when machining the first side.
2. Unqualified dimensional accuracy
(1) Cause: read the wrong drawing and process requirements, or use the tool holder dial improperly when adjusting the back cutting amount.
Prevention: before planing, you must carefully see the drawing and process requirements. When correcting the back cutting amount on the dial of the tool cradle, you should pay attention to eliminating the screw rod gap and see the scale clearly.
(2) Cause: the cutting is blindly carried out during planing, and no trial cutting is carried out.
Prevention: according to the machining allowance, carefully adjust the cutter and select the back cutting amount, and carry out trial planing, and then correct the back cutting amount.
(3) Cause: the quantity has error or the measurement method is incorrect.
Prevention: the measuring tools must be carefully checked before use to correctly master the measurement method.
3. The parallelism of two faces is out of tolerance
(1) Cause: the clamping is incorrect, and there are chips and foreign matters between the workpiece and the sizing block.
Prevention: before clamping the workpiece, remove the sharp edges and burrs of the workpiece and remove the chips. When clamping, use a reasonable clamping method and check the tightness of the sizing block.
(2) Cause: the guide rail surface of the pliers body is not parallel to the worktable.
Prevention: check the accuracy of the flat tongs, and check whether there are chips and foreign matters between the bottom of the tongs and the worktable.
(3) Cause: the worktable is not parallel to the main movement direction of the ram.
Prevention: check and adjust the workbench to be parallel to the movement direction of the ram in advance
(4) Cause: the tool is not sharp, the planer is not clamped or the fastening screw of the tool holder is not tightened, so that the planer is subject to the cutting force and produces the phenomenon of "cutting" or "cutting", resulting in the inclination and unevenness of the processing plane.
Prevention: keep the planer sharp, clamp the planer bar, and tighten the fastening screws before cutting.
4. The Perpendicularity Error of the correlation surface is out of tolerance
(1) Cause: there are chips and foreign matters between the fixed jaw and the workpiece.
Prevention: before clamping, carefully remove the chips and foreign matters on the flat tongs and the workpiece, and repair the burrs on the sharp edges of the workpiece.
(2) Cause: the fixed jaw is not perpendicular to the guide rail surface of the tong body.
Prevention: the perpendicularity error between the fixed jaw of the flat jaw pliers and the guide rail of the pliers body should be measured in advance, and the Perpendicularity Error of the fixed jaw should be corrected according to the measured value. Generally, the paper padding method can also be used to correct the perpendicularity error.
(3) Cause: the movable jaw is not parallel to the fixed jaw or there is error in the workpiece, and the perpendicularity error occurs after direct clamping.
Prevention: the supporting plate or cylinder should be used to clamp the workpiece, adjust the high and low position of the supporting plate or cylinder, and check whether the sizing block is close to the workpiece