So, what problems should be paid attention to when cutting this material?
Understand what metal cutting is
To understand what is metal cutting is to understand the essence of metal cutting and the interaction between workpiece materials and cutting tools.
Metal cutting is essentially different from cutting like cutting fruit. Metal cutting is the process of applying pressure to the workpiece material, deforming it and cutting it down in the form of chips. In the process of metal cutting, some "side effects" such as high temperature and large cutting force are inevitable, especially when the temperature can reach 800 or 900 degrees Celsius. In addition, large cutting force will also cause great friction and change the surface of tools and workpieces. This phenomenon is called tribological effect. In addition to physical effects, there are also some chemical effects, such as the chemical reaction between the tool and the workpiece material or air under the catalysis of high temperature.
Due to the above physical and chemical effects, metal cutting will lead to tool wear, especially when the processing method or the selected tool is incorrect, this kind of wear will be more obvious. This is also a result that we should try to avoid when processing.
Different cutting tools are selected for different steel parts
Because different metal materials have different physical and chemical properties, these factors should be fully considered when selecting cutting tools. It is necessary to select different cutting tools for different steel parts.
For example, for the cutting of automobile axles, the tools are required to have high strength, impact resistance and fracture resistance, and it is suitable to use carbon steel tools with carbon content less than 0.25%. When cutting alloy steel that has been rolled or forged, it often produces chips that are difficult to break. These chips will scratch the tool surface, leaving crescent shaped wear and adhesion. Therefore, when processing this kind of material, the tool should have a sharp edge, which is convenient for cutting chips, making it easier to eliminate them, rather than staying at the cutting place.
There are also some metals, which will produce extremely high temperature in the cutting process, and have high requirements for the high temperature resistance of the tool; For the raw workpiece produced by casting or forging process, its hard surface and the inclusions that may come from the mold require the cutting tool to have both toughness and wear resistance.
Economic and environmental factors
Processing efficiency is the most important manifestation of economic factors. Theoretically, the most radical cutting parameters should be used to achieve the highest machining efficiency. However, other problems often restrict the selection of cutting parameters.
For example, the processing of expensive materials should be relatively conservative to ensure the reliability of the process to the greatest extent. Therefore, we can see that the processing of aerospace components is relatively slow. For another example, high-temperature alloy steel materials will be produced during high-speed cutting. Only using tools with high-temperature resistance can improve the processing efficiency. Tool manufacturers have been committed to seeking sharper and stronger tools, and overcome the problems of heat, pressure, chemical and adhesive wear through coating and groove shape, and have solved the alloy processing problems of a large variety.
Finally, we should also pay attention to the impact of environmental factors, which is a factor that manufacturers have only begun to consider in recent years. This includes reducing energy consumption and waste emissions. Although these two aspects are in contradiction with improving processing efficiency to a certain extent, today, people are increasingly aware of the importance of environmental factors.
Because ISO p-type steel parts are widely known and widely used in the manufacture of conventional parts, the processing involving alloy steel usually does not receive close attention and detailed analysis. However, if manufacturers understand that many processing problems of steel parts can be eliminated by carefully selecting cutters, even if they make small improvements to the productivity of large quantities of parts, they will significantly improve their profitability, and even be of great benefit to environmental protection.