In production and processing, the tools used for NC milling mainly include flat end mills, end mills, ball cutters, ring cutters, drum cutters, conical cutters and so on. Now let's introduce it in detail.
1. Flat end milling cutter
The flat end milling cutter is convenient to produce. It mainly uses the peripheral cutting edge for cutting. It has good cutting performance and is the main tool for milling. In addition to plane milling and peripheral contour milling of two-dimensional parts, it is also the main tool for rough machining of three-dimensional contour, and it can also be used for three-dimensional contour finishing.
2. End milling cutter
The end milling cutter is mainly used for plane milling with large processing area and multi coordinate milling with relatively flat solid contour, so as to reduce the number of tool walking and improve the processing efficiency and surface quality.
3. Ball end milling cutter
Ball end milling cutter is the main tool for three-dimensional contour machining, especially for free-form surface machining. The tool center path from the ball head to the machining is formed by offsetting a tool radius along the outer normal direction of the part contour. Even in the case of three-dimensional machining, except for the concave dark angle, the ball head tool can be machined. Therefore, the ball head cutter has strong adaptability to the processing object, and it is convenient to program and use.
However, there are also shortcomings in the machining of ball head cutter. In addition to its great manufacturing difficulty, the cutting conditions of the points on the ball head cutting edge are different. The closer to the bottom of the ball head, the worse the cutting conditions are. Therefore, in the case of cutting at the bottom of the prop, the machining efficiency is difficult to improve, and the tool is also prone to wear.
4. Circular knife
The circular cutter is a small arc transition between the peripheral cutting edges. It is mainly used for plane milling and three-dimensional contour processing such as grooves and flat bottom cavities. Its process characteristics are similar to that of flat end mills, and its cutting performance is good.
5. Drum knife
It is mostly used for three-dimensional machining on the surface of the installation slope of parts. Because this surface is an ideal machining scheme, multi coordinate side milling, drum cutter machining is a flexible scheme to replace multi coordinate machining in single room or small batch production. Therefore, it not only has certain adaptability to the change of inclination angle on the surface, but also can effectively reduce the number of tool walking and improve the machining efficiency and surface quality.
6. Conical knife
The application of conical cutter is similar to that of drum cutter. On three coordinate machine tools, it can replace the inclined surface on the mounting surface of multi coordinate side milling parts. Especially when the inclination angle is fixed, it can be formed at one time and the inner edge surface can be machined.