As we all know, although the United States has only a history of more than 200 years, it has performed a rare miracle of the rise of a great power. In 1776, 13 colonies in North America announced the establishment of the United States of America... It has been the first in the world for more than 100 years since 1894. In 2018, the U.S. GDP exceeded $20trillion. Some people say that the reason why the U.S. economy is so high is that the water content is too large and the U.S. manufacturing industry is so difficult to return. Where can we obtain such a high economic aggregate; Some people also said that the U.S. manufacturing industry is still large, but gave up the low-end manufacturing industry, and the high-end manufacturing industry is still very strong.
Is there any "hollowing out" in American manufacturing? There are two distinct views:
One is the "hollowing out" of the United States. Otherwise, trump would not call for "the return of manufacturing to the United States". Data in 2018 showed that the GDP of the United States was $20.494 trillion, of which manufacturing accounted for 11.4% of GDP, lower than Japan and Germany, two recognized manufacturing powers, both of which accounted for more than 20% of GDP. The added value of the U.S. service industry is $16.5 trillion, accounting for more than 80% of GDP. The hollowing out of the real economy has been very obvious. Most of the electronic products, clothing, toys and daily necessities used by American consumers rely on imports. Major American technology companies such as apple, Microsoft, Google and Amazon have outsourced most of their hardware products to Asian manufacturers, and they do not produce any electronic devices themselves. Judging from this proportion, American industry is indeed facing a "hollowing out" crisis.
Another view is that the hollowing out of the US economy is not tenable. Because in terms of gross output value, the United States is still the second largest manufacturing country in the world, second only to China, and the United States retains a considerable number of high-end industries, such as aerospace and military manufacturing, semiconductor industry, pharmaceutical production, chemical industry, etc.
In 1980, almost 80% of the clothing purchased in the United States was made in the United States. Today, it is about 3%. Although globalization and trade agreements have made goods cheaper, they have also led to decades of layoffs and factory closures, Winthrop said.
As early as 1950, the United States accounted for 40% of the world's manufacturing output, which was not surpassed by China until 2010. Since 2010, China has become the largest industrial country in the world. In 2017, the output value of China's manufacturing industry was $3.59 trillion, more than the United States ($2.24 trillion) and Japan ($1.02 trillion) combined. Although China's manufacturing output exceeds that of the United States, the United States still ranks second, and its industrial output exceeds that of Japan, Germany and South Korea combined.
According to statistics, in 2018, China's industrial output value reached US $5.53 trillion, accounting for 40.6% of GDP, of which the manufacturing output value reached US $4 trillion, accounting for 29.4% of GDP. In terms of the output value of China's manufacturing industry of $4trillion and that of the United States of $2.33 trillion, the output value of China's manufacturing industry is 1.7 times that of the United States.
Recently, according to media reports, China's manufacturing industry ranks first in the world and is the only country in the world with a complete range of industries. First of all, in terms of manufacturing volume and comprehensive industries, China's manufacturing industry is unmatched by any country in the world; Secondly, because China's manufacturing industry has a complete and perfect industrial chain, any global manufacturing giant can complete one-stop production and processing in China.
Of course, it can also complete one-stop sales in China's huge consumer market and realize the return of profits; In addition, made in China covers all aspects from high-end large-scale manufacturing to intelligent manufacturing and then to the production of daily necessities. Data show that 42% of the U.S. market is made in China, and footwear accounts for 69%.
The success of made in China is a miracle visible to all in the world. This can be illustrated by the dependence of consumers and manufacturers in many countries on China's manufacturing industry and their views. The Hindustan Times quoted an online survey agency as saying that 83% of the 8973 Indian consumers surveyed said that the dual advantages of Chinese products in price and quality were irreplaceable. They said, "we can't stand the days without made in China."
As early as 2017, South Korea's Asian economy reported that when the president of a large South Korean company went on a business trip to China, he really felt that made in Korea was being replaced. He said that only a few years ago, most Chinese people still tended to use some Korean brands of mobile phones. I saw that most people were holding products made in China. Foreign media believe that made in Korea may be being eaten.
In today's economic globalization, many people believe that the manufacturing industry in the United States has declined. In fact, the United States has transferred most of its low-end manufacturing industries abroad, leaving high-end manufacturing and cutting-edge technology industries at the top of the global industrial chain. The United States is a world leader in aerospace, semiconductor, military, information technology, biotechnology, computers and other fields.
Take the semiconductor industry as an example, the United States accounts for more than half of the global market share. Although China's manufacturing scale has surpassed that of the United States, the United States is still a powerful manufacturing country in the world. According to the global manufacturing 500 list, the United States ranks first with 133 manufacturing enterprises, Japan ranks second with 85 manufacturing enterprises, China ranks third with 76 manufacturing enterprises, and Germany ranks fourth with 26 manufacturing enterprises. The representative enterprises of American manufacturing industry include ExxonMobil, general electric, general motors, Ford, apple, Boeing, Microsoft, IBM, Dell, Johnson & Johnson, Intel, Nike, etc. Therefore, in terms of manufacturing scale, China has a strong advantage, ranking first in the world for many consecutive years.
However, in the field of high-end manufacturing, there is still an undeniable huge gap with the manufacturing industry in the United States, which must be recognized. In the high-end manufacturing industry, we have too many core technologies to overcome, which will take a long time. It is worth mentioning that made in China has moved towards the process of digital and intelligent Chinese intelligent manufacturing. We are also constantly making new breakthroughs, and the proportion of high-end manufacturing is rising.